Jeremy G
So far I know citing from book can be done by referring to the statement that is made from the book, but what happens if the author separates the topic to subtopics? For example, I'm doing a paper on barcodes. the author explains the anatomy of a 1D barcode which has quiet zone, start stop characters, checksum and other characteristics. Each of these characteristics has an explanation on it.
Now, I would also like to explain the quiet zone, start stop characters, checksum and all that about the 1D barcode. How am I suppose to refer to the author? Like for example, "Stated by John (2009), 1D barcodes are categorized by quiet zone, start stop characters, checksum..." and after that statement, could I too just separate the quiet zone, start stop characters, checksum... into subtopics and write it on my own words based from the book? Is this acceptable?
And also, how many times canI refer to the same book within my paper/report?
Answer
There are a few questions there. Here are the answers to each one:
* In most cases, there is no need to cite specific sections of the book; citing the book itself is fine. Some citation formats let you cite specific chapters or pages, but there is seldom need to do that, or anything beyond it. In the example you use, I would have written "1D barcodes are split into blah blah blah (John, 2009)" and so forth.
* You can cite the same book as many times as you like; you should cite it every time it is relevant.
* As for "can I write it in my own words based on the book", to a certain extent yes, but not completely. You should compile information from multiple sources, work out what is necessary for your report, and write that (citing as appropriate). There is no need to use the same subheadings as the source uses, in fact that is discouraged- you should use your own subheadings as appropriate for what you are writing. Also, if what you write is too similar to the book you could still get in trouble for plagiarism.
There are a few questions there. Here are the answers to each one:
* In most cases, there is no need to cite specific sections of the book; citing the book itself is fine. Some citation formats let you cite specific chapters or pages, but there is seldom need to do that, or anything beyond it. In the example you use, I would have written "1D barcodes are split into blah blah blah (John, 2009)" and so forth.
* You can cite the same book as many times as you like; you should cite it every time it is relevant.
* As for "can I write it in my own words based on the book", to a certain extent yes, but not completely. You should compile information from multiple sources, work out what is necessary for your report, and write that (citing as appropriate). There is no need to use the same subheadings as the source uses, in fact that is discouraged- you should use your own subheadings as appropriate for what you are writing. Also, if what you write is too similar to the book you could still get in trouble for plagiarism.
Harvard???
happypuppy
I am only 13 years old, but I have wanted to go to Harvard since I was 6. I want to be a lawyer or a doctor. My family and I are looking into Santa Margarita Catholic High School and Sage Hill School for high school. What extra curriculars do you recomend that I take? What do the admission people at Harvard think is a well rounded student? I play tennis, cross country, and track as my sports. And I ride horses. I do a lot of community service. I heard that they want you to show that you are interested in one thing to show devotion. what are good things to do if you want to be a lawyer or a doctor. PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Answer
Hi, Leandra!
It's great that you have big dreams, and you will go far if you work hard and believe in yourself!
I'm currently a student at Harvard and just wanted to give you some advice:
-Take extracurriculars that you enjoy! You're right about devotion: that's the secret. Instead of taking a bunch of extracurriculars, you might gain more by delving deeper into a few and getting leadership positions. If you absolutely love playing music, form a band or join an orchestra! If being around people is your thing, volunteer at a day care or shadow a doctor! If you like art, take a pottery class (or just buy some Sculpey--it's great fun). Don't take a particular extracurricular just because someone says it'll look good to a college; my classmates have a ton of different interests, and they got in.
--Your sports sound great; they not only help you to be a more well-rounded person but also will keep you physically fit and mentally strong. Even one sport is okay--I ran cross-country in high school.
--Academics, as you know, are very important. But be sure you learn for the sake of learning and not merely to get a good grade. I've taken some classes by just cramming for tests, and though I got good grades, I now really wish I remembered more about the subject and built a more solid foundation. Also, learning in classes with help you with the SAT. And, write a lot, because college involves many essays and much critical thinking.
--Visit Harvard when you're in high school. Take a tour, talk with students and professors, and see if you enjoy Cambridge and Boston. This is where you'd be spending four years, so it's important to honestly ask yourself if the university and you are a good fit. Do you like big schools? Are you motivated to ask questions and seek out help?
--Be flexible in your future plans. I'd always wanted to go to Princeton, but finally decided on Harvard my senior year of high school. I'm happy here, but I have friends at Princeton who are just as happy. I have friends at state colleges who are taking super crazy honors classes and doing research that blows my mind, and they're happy and fulfilled as well. Just remember: wherever you end up going is where you should be. (At least, that's my motto :D).
--On learning about being a lawyer or doctor: shadow one; Google "a day in the life of a lawyer/doctor;" read books about law or medicine; join a debate team; or volunteer at a hospital. And once again, know that you might change. I entered college thinking "doctorrrrr!!" and have gone on to consider being a novelist, journalist, lawyer, and artist. :P
Most of all, enjoy life! Take time for the small things, and hang out with your friends!! If there's one thing I would have done differently during my teenage years, I would have spent way more time with friends.
Have fun, and good luck! :)
Hi, Leandra!
It's great that you have big dreams, and you will go far if you work hard and believe in yourself!
I'm currently a student at Harvard and just wanted to give you some advice:
-Take extracurriculars that you enjoy! You're right about devotion: that's the secret. Instead of taking a bunch of extracurriculars, you might gain more by delving deeper into a few and getting leadership positions. If you absolutely love playing music, form a band or join an orchestra! If being around people is your thing, volunteer at a day care or shadow a doctor! If you like art, take a pottery class (or just buy some Sculpey--it's great fun). Don't take a particular extracurricular just because someone says it'll look good to a college; my classmates have a ton of different interests, and they got in.
--Your sports sound great; they not only help you to be a more well-rounded person but also will keep you physically fit and mentally strong. Even one sport is okay--I ran cross-country in high school.
--Academics, as you know, are very important. But be sure you learn for the sake of learning and not merely to get a good grade. I've taken some classes by just cramming for tests, and though I got good grades, I now really wish I remembered more about the subject and built a more solid foundation. Also, learning in classes with help you with the SAT. And, write a lot, because college involves many essays and much critical thinking.
--Visit Harvard when you're in high school. Take a tour, talk with students and professors, and see if you enjoy Cambridge and Boston. This is where you'd be spending four years, so it's important to honestly ask yourself if the university and you are a good fit. Do you like big schools? Are you motivated to ask questions and seek out help?
--Be flexible in your future plans. I'd always wanted to go to Princeton, but finally decided on Harvard my senior year of high school. I'm happy here, but I have friends at Princeton who are just as happy. I have friends at state colleges who are taking super crazy honors classes and doing research that blows my mind, and they're happy and fulfilled as well. Just remember: wherever you end up going is where you should be. (At least, that's my motto :D).
--On learning about being a lawyer or doctor: shadow one; Google "a day in the life of a lawyer/doctor;" read books about law or medicine; join a debate team; or volunteer at a hospital. And once again, know that you might change. I entered college thinking "doctorrrrr!!" and have gone on to consider being a novelist, journalist, lawyer, and artist. :P
Most of all, enjoy life! Take time for the small things, and hang out with your friends!! If there's one thing I would have done differently during my teenage years, I would have spent way more time with friends.
Have fun, and good luck! :)
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